In Singapore, flu or influenza is a year-round concern, marked by two peak seasons: December to February and May to July, as noted by the National University Hospital. The onset of this viral infection not only disrupts routines but also poses a significant risk of community spread. Hence, staying healthy goes hand in hand with staying informed about managing flu symptoms and preventing its transmission.
What Is Flu and What Causes It?
Influenza, often referred to as the flu, is a highly contagious respiratory infection triggered by influenza viruses. It spreads via minuscule droplets expelled when infected individuals cough, sneeze, or talk and can remain contagious up to one day before symptoms manifest. Additionally, the virus can be transmitted through contact with contaminated surfaces such as doorknobs and phones.
What Are the Signs and Symptoms of the Flu?
Identifying the signs and symptoms of the flu is essential for prompt management.
Common symptoms include:
- Fever or feeling feverish/chills
- Cough
- Sore throat
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Muscle or body aches
- Fatigue
- Headaches
Who Are Most at Risk of Flu Complications?
While the flu can affect anyone, there are individuals who are at higher risk of flu complications, like those with pneumonia or bronchitis. Other individuals with heightened susceptibility include:
- Children
- The elderly
- Pregnant women
- Individuals with weakened immune systems
- People with underlying medical conditions such as asthma or diabetes
How to Manage Flu Symptoms
Here are some practical strategies that could help with managing flu symptoms:
- Rest: Give your body the rest it needs to fight off the virus by getting plenty of sleep and taking it easy. Staying at home and resting also allows your body to focus on recovery without the risk of infecting others.
- Stay Hydrated: Drinking lots of fluids, like water, herbal teas, and clear broths, can help loosen the mucus. Moreover, it can soothe your sore throat and prevent dehydration as your body recuperates.
- Over-the-counter Medications: Consider using over-the-counter medications to relieve flu symptoms such as fever, body aches, and nasal congestion. Commonly prescribed pain relievers that can help reduce fever and muscle aches are acetaminophen or ibuprofen, while decongestants are used to help with nasal congestion. However, before taking any form of medication, make sure to consult a physician to ensure it will suit your current condition.
- Soothe Sore Throat: If you’re experiencing a sore throat, you can soothe it with sore throat medicine, like lozenges and throat sprays, or gargle with warm salt water. These remedies could potentially help with easing pain and irritation.
- Warm Compresses: Apply a warm compress to areas of discomfort such as your forehead, sinuses, or chest to minimise pain and promote relaxation.
Please note: These tips are not intended to replace advice from qualified medical professionals. Always consult a doctor for personalised guidance and proper treatment options tailored to your specific health needs.
Flu Prevention Tips
By adopting proactive preventive measures, you can minimise your risk of contracting the flu and safeguard your well-being. Here are some practical flu prevention tips that could help you stay healthy:
1. Get Vaccinated
Annual flu vaccines are strongly recommended, particularly for individuals at higher risk, like children, pregnant women, older adults and those with underlying medical conditions. The vaccine boosts your immune system to produce antibodies that protect against specific strains of the influenza virus, reducing your risk of infection and potential complications.
2. Practise Good Hygiene
Proper hand hygiene is crucial in preventing the spread of the flu virus. One basic hygiene practice is to cleanse your hands meticulously using soap and water for at least 20 seconds. This is especially important after coughing, sneezing, using the restroom, or touching surfaces in public areas. Should soap and water not be available, you can use a hand sanitiser that has at least 60% alcohol content.
3. Cover Your Coughs and Sneezes
When coughing or sneezing, make sure to cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or your elbow. That way, you can prevent the spread of respiratory droplets containing the flu virus. Should you use a tissue, dispose of it promptly and wash your hands afterwards.
4. Avoid Close Contact
As much as possible, steer clear of individuals who are sick with flu-like symptoms. And if you’re feeling unwell yourself, make sure to stay home from work, school, or social gatherings to prevent spreading the virus to others.
5. Boost Your Immune System
Strengthen your immune system to help your body better defend against flu viruses. Aside from maintaining a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, consider incorporating immune-boosting supplements like Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) into your daily regimen. CoQ10, for example, can help with energy production within cells and has antioxidant properties that support overall immune function. By enhancing your immune system, CoQ10 helps your body mount a more effective defence against infections, including the flu.
Learn more about the potential benefits of CoQ10.
When to See a Doctor for Flu
If you have an underlying medical condition and are experiencing flu symptoms, it’s crucial to seek medical advice promptly. For otherwise healthy individuals, severe symptoms that warrant immediate medical attention include difficulty breathing, a severe sore throat, coughing up green or yellow mucus, and feelings of faintness. Additionally, if you exhibit signs and symptoms of pneumonia, such as chest pain, high fever, and difficulty breathing, it’s essential to consult a doctor promptly.
For more healthcare tips, you can check out our list of remedies for common ailments during the rainy season.
